Hyperlipidemia refers to a metabolic disorder where plasma lipid levels are abnormal. It is marked by increased amounts of triglycerides, cholesterol, and lipoproteins (VLDL, LDL), and reduced HDL levels, which together, contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and increase the risk thereof. It is classified into hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, and familial forms, depending on the predominant lipid abnormality. The condition arises due to genetic predisposition, dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, diabetes, and certain medications. Often asymptomatic, severe cases may present with xanthomas or xanthelasmas. Diagnosis depends on lipid profile tests. Preventive measures mainly include change in diet, regular physical activity, keeping a healthy weight, and general lifestyle modifications. Therapeutic interventions consist of drug utilization such as statins, fibrates, niacin, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, and omega, 3 fatty acids, PCSK9 inhibitors, lomitapide, and mipomersen. Comprehensive management through lifestyle and therapeutic approaches is crucial in reducing CVD risk and associated complications.